X p peters



UNITED srArEs PATENT oEEicE.

i SAMUEL GARDINER, JR., OF YORK, N.Y.

MACHINERY Eon, cEusHINe AND PULVERIZING 01ans, am.

j `Specification of Letters Patent No. 11,368, dated July 25, 1854.

j tion ofa machine', constructed according to iny invention. Fig. 2, is a transverse section of `the same, `in the line, m, m, ofFig. l. `Fig. 3, is a transverse section of a mortar, `.at g/,\ 1/, in Fig. l;

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts inthe several figures.

In the machinery which forms the subject of this invention, stampers substantially j similar to suoli as have been in use for many tuted.

years, for crushing ores, are employed working in mortars. j

My invention consistsin giving the stampers sucha rotary motion in addition to af j jumping' motion, thatthey will crush the material in the mortars by their fall, and' before rising from it will, by their rotary motion, reduce it to a fine powder.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A, is the framing of the machine which is arranged over a row of mortars B, B, 'of cast iron, or other suitable material, which rest on any suitable firm foundation. The upper part of the framing is so constructed as to furnish bearings for a series ofshort vertical shafts, C, C, which are hollow for a great portion of their length from the bottom, and provided with pulleys, D, D, to

receive bands from a series of pulleys, K, K, on a horizontal shaft, E, which is supported in suitable bearings inthe framing, A, A, and is intended to transmit a rotary motion to the said vertical shafts; but instead of the pulleys and bands, gearing may be substr The vertical shafts correspond in number with and are placed over the centers, or in line with the axes of the mortars. F, F, arethe stampers, whose faces may be in the form of part of a sphere or spheroid of such size, that when resting on the bottom of the niortarswhich are of nearly similarform, there is a space left within the inortars, 4all around them.`

`The stamper shafts, G, Gr, to which the' stampers are firmlysecured, aresmade cy-` lindrical near the bottom, to `fit in guides in the lower part of the` framing, the `cylindrical part being long enough to allow them to slide freely up and down far enough to admit of the necessary jumping motion of the stampers, and of a rotary motionatthev same time. The upper parts of the stampeil shafts are` square, and fit easily `in squares.

in the lower parts of the hollow shafts,

C, C, so that the latter shafts admit olf the i jumping motion of the stampers, while they compel them to` rotate with them. w .The stamper shafts, G, G, are furnished with tight collars, a, a, atsuch a height .as to `allow themto be lifted, and then set free to fall by the action upon the said collars of a series of wipers, o, o, on a horizontal shaft,.fH.

The horizontal shaft, H, is the driving shaft ofthe machine, and is geared by` a pair of spur wheels, I,.J with `the shaft, E, and when rotary motion is given to the driving` shaft, the stampersreceive a constant rotary mot1on,'and` the usual jumping mo- 1 tion.

The relative sizes of the wheels I, J, and

pulleysl), K, should be suoli as to give the stampers several revo-lutions fo-r every jumping operation, in order that a considerable amount of rotary actionof the stampers may take place during the time that they are allowed to remain in contact with the material after their fall. In a practical working machine, it will be well to give five revolutions for every jumping operation, though a much greater amount may be given, and perhaps a little less would work successfully, but I have employedthose relative proportions between the two motions with success.

The quartz-or ore is fed to the mortars by an inclined plane, or anysuitable `means, and is bro-ken by the fall of the stampers,

and pulverized by their rotary action, which mains for some time in its respective mortar, before being lifted to repeat the blow.

The rotary stampers are applicable either to the pulverizaton of quartz or ore, in a wet or a. dry state andin order to illustrate this, two of the mortars represented in the drawing, are-shown constructed for pulverizing and washing at the same time, as is practiced on auriferous quartz, and two for pulverizing iron, or other ores in a 'dry state. The former mortars have no opening in their bottoms, but have their mouths surrounded by a box, L, with a screw, c, on one or more sides,Y so lthat when a stream of water is supplied, overflowing the mortars, the water and powdered quartz or dirt, es capes through the screen while no solid unpulverized matter escapes. The mortars for dry pulverizing have perforations, cl, d, in their bo-ttoms, of such size, as to allow the escape of the ore, when sufliciently pulver` ized.

In .addition to effecting the perfect pulverization vof the ore, the rotar;T stamper possesses a great advantage over the com` ,and in a short time require to be new faced,

or altogether renewed. They possess also, an advantage over all quartz and ore crushers known to me, in performing effectively, at one process, what is usually done by two machines, as the ore is not usually submitted to the operation of other pulverizing machines, until it has been previously broken by stampers.

I am aware that a machine for crushing ores, containing a stamper having a rotary, as well as a jumping motion, has been patented by William Ball, March 23d,1852, but in that machine the rotary motion of the stamper is for an object widely differing from mine, not being intended to produce a pulverizing effect, and not having sufficient rotary motion to produce such effect, as it is his intention to pulverize, in another distinct machine, the ore which is broken by his stamper; but merely making a very small portion of a revolution for every jumping motion of the stamper in order to change the position of the stamper in the verization of the quartz or ore, but only to e change the posit-ion to equalize the working surface. But I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The employment of one or more stampers having such a jumping rmotion as to leave them for some time in contact with the quartz or ore after every descent, and such a rotary motion that while they remain in contact with it between one descent and their next ascent, their rotary action will be sufficient to pulverize to a proper degrec, that which was prepared by the breaking or crushing action of their descent, substantially as herein described.

SAML. GARDINER, JR. Witnesses:

SALEM II. WALES, J. W. HAMILTON. 

